Exophoria Information
Exophoria is a form of heterophoria in which there is a tendency of the eyes to deviate outward.[1]
Prevalence
Exophoria is particularly common in infancy and childhood, and increases with age.
Cause
Exophoria can be caused by several factors, which include:
These can be due to nerve, muscle, or congenital problems, or due to mechanical anomalies. Unlike exotropia, fusion is possible in this condition, causing diplopia to be uncommon.
References
- ^ Allen, Edmund Turney (1899). The science of higher prisms. Harvard University: G. K. Hazlitt 6 Co., printer. p. 39. http://books.google.com/books?id=XeIYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA39&dq=Exophoria&hl=en&ei=XBWBTPGtDIKBlAfS3uCyDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Exophoria&f=false.
| Eye disease · pathology of the eye (H00-H59, 360-379) |
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| Adnexa |
eyelid: inflammation (Stye, Chalazion, Blepharitis) · Entropion · Ectropion · Lagophthalmos · Blepharochalasis · Ptosis · Blepharophimosis · Xanthelasma · eyelash (Trichiasis, Madarosis)
lacrimal system: Dacryoadenitis · Epiphora · Dacryocystitis · Xerophthalmia
orbit: Exophthalmos · Enophthalmos · Orbital cellulitis · Periorbital cellulitis
conjunctiva: Conjunctivitis (Allergic conjunctivitis) · Pterygium · Pinguecula · Subconjunctival hemorrhage
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| Pathways |
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Optic nerve and
visual pathways
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Optic neuritis · Papilledema · Optic atrophy · Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy · Dominant optic atrophy · Optic disc drusen · Glaucoma · Toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy · Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
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Ocular muscles,
binocular movement,
accommodation
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Refraction
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Refractive error: Hyperopia/Myopia · Astigmatism · Anisometropia/Aniseikonia · Presbyopia
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Visual disturbances
and blindness
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Amblyopia · Leber's congenital amaurosis · Subjective (Asthenopia, Hemeralopia, Photophobia, Scintillating scotoma) · Diplopia · Scotoma · Anopsia (Binasal hemianopsia, Bitemporal hemianopsia, Homonymous hemianopsia, Quadrantanopia) · Color blindness (Achromatopsia, Dichromacy, Monochromacy) · Nyctalopia (Oguchi disease) · Blindness/Low vision
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Pupil
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Anisocoria · Argyll Robertson pupil · Marcus Gunn pupil · Adie syndrome · Miosis · Mydriasis · Cycloplegia
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Other
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Nystagmus
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| Eye infections |
Trachoma · Onchocerciasis
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: EYE
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Categories: Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction |
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