hidden pixel

Lefetamine Information

Lefetamine (Santenol) is a drug which is a stimulant and also an analgesic with effects comparable to codeine.

Lefetamine was invented in the 1930s[1] and showed weak analgetic activity.[2]

It was investigated in Japan in 1960. The l-isomere showed weak analgetic action comparable to codeine and antitussive action far weaker than codeine. The d-isomer showed no such activity but caused seizures in rats.[3]

It was abused in Japan during the 1950s. In a small study in 1989 it showed some effect against opioid withdrawal symptoms without causing withdrawal symptoms itself. It was concluded that it may be an opioid partial agonist.[4]

It has been abused in Europe, in 1989 a small study of 15 abusers and some volunteers found, that it had some partial similarity to opioids, that it produced withdrawal symptoms and had dependence and abuse potential to a certain degree.[5]

In a small study in 1994 it was compared to clonidine and buprenorphine for the detoxification of methadone patients and found to be inferior to both for this purpose.[6]

Research

Some related pyrrylphenylethanones had analgetic activity comparable to morphine[7] Some pyrrole analogues were reported to have analgetic effects comparable to lefetamine and being devoid of neurotoxic properties.[8]

See also

References

JP Patent 61 23087

  1. ^ Thomson; Stevens Journal of the Chemical Society, 1932, p. 1932,1935
  2. ^ Dodds, E. C.; Lawson, W.; Simpson, S. A.; Williams, P. C. (1945). "Testing diphenylethylamine compounds for analgesic action". The Journal of physiology 104 (1): 47–51. . PMID 16991666. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1393527.
  3. ^ Fujimura, H.; Kawai, K. (1960). "Pharmacological Studies on Diphenylalkylamine Derivatives" (pdf). Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, KyotoUniversity 39 (1): 67–77. http://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/75783/1/chd039_1_067.pdf.
  4. ^ Mannelli, P.; Janiri, L.; De Marinis, M.; Tempesta, E. (1989). "Lefetamine: New abuse of an old drug--clinical evaluation of opioid activity". Drug and alcohol dependence 24 (2): 95–101. doi:10.1016/0376-8716(89)90071-9. PMID 2571492.
  5. ^ Janiri, L.; Mannelli, P.; Pirrongelli, C.; Lo Monaco, M.; Tempesta, E. (1989). "Lephetamine abuse and dependence: Clinical effects and withdrawal syndrome". British Journal of Addiction 84 (1): 89–95. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00555.x. PMID 2917208.
  6. ^ Janiri, L.; Mannelli, P.; Persico, A. M.; Serretti, A.; Tempesta, E. (1994). "Opiate detoxification of methadone maintenance patients using lefetamine, clonidine and buprenorphine". Drug and alcohol dependence 36 (2): 139–145. doi:10.1016/0376-8716(94)90096-5. PMID 7851281.
  7. ^ Massa, S.; Di Santo, R.; Mai, A.; Artico, M.; Pantaleoni, G. C.; Giorgi, R.; Coppolino, M. F. (1992). "Pyrrylphenylethanones related to cathinone and lefetamine: Synthesis and pharmacological activities". Archiv der Pharmazie 325 (7): 403–409. PMID 1417455.
  8. ^ Massa, S.; Stefancich, G.; Artico, M.; Corelli, F.; Silvestri, R.; Pantaleoni, G. C.; Fanini, D.; Palumbo, G. et al (1989). "Synthesis, neuropsychopharmacological effects and analgesic-antiinflammatory activities of pyrrole analogues of lefetamine". Farmaco (Societa chimica italiana : 1989) 44 (9): 763–777. PMID 2604832.
Stimulants (N06B)
Adamantanes

Adaphenoxate • Adapromine • Amantadine • Bromantane • Chlodantane • Gludantane • Memantine • Midantane
Adenosine antagonists 8-Chlorotheophylline • 8-Cyclopentyltheophylline • 8-Phenyltheophylline • Aminophylline • Caffeine • CGS-15943 • Dimethazan • Paraxanthine • SCH-58261 • Theobromine • Theophylline
Alkylamines

Cyclopentamine • Cypenamine • Cyprodenate • Heptaminol • Isometheptene • Methylhexaneamine • Octodrine • Propylhexedrine • Tuaminoheptane
Arylcyclohexylamines

Benocyclidine • Dieticyclidine • Esketamine • Eticyclidine • Gacyclidine • Ketamine • Phencyclamine • Phencyclidine • Rolicyclidine • Tenocyclidine • Tiletamine
Benzazepines

6-Br-APB • SKF-77434 • SKF-81297 • SKF-82958
Cholinergics

A-84543 • A-366,833 • ABT-202 • ABT-418 • AR-R17779 • Altinicline • Anabasine • Arecoline • Cotinine • Cytisine • Dianicline • Epibatidine • Epiboxidine • GTS-21 • Ispronicline • Nicotine • PHA-543,613 • PNU-120,596 • PNU-282,987 • Pozanicline • Rivanicline • Sazetidine A • SIB-1553A • SSR-180,711 • TC-1698 • TC-1827 • TC-2216 • TC-5619 • Tebanicline • UB-165 • Varenicline • WAY-317,538
Convulsants

Anatoxin-a • Bicuculline • DMCM • Flurothyl • Gabazine • Pentetrazol • Picrotoxin • Strychnine • Thujone
Eugeroics

Adrafinil • Armodafinil • CRL-40941 • Modafinil
Oxazolines

4-Methylaminorex • Aminorex • Clominorex • Cyclazodone • Fenozolone • Fluminorex • Pemoline • Thozalinone
Phenethylamines

1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane • 1-Phenyl-2-(piperidin-1-yl)pentan-3-one • 1-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane • 2-Fluoroamphetamine • 2-Fluoromethamphetamine • 2-OH-PEA • 2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane • 2-Phenyl-3-methylaminobutane • 2,3-MDA • 3-Fluoroamphetamine • 3-Fluoroethamphetamine • 3-Fluoromethcathinone • 3-Methoxyamphetamine • 3-Methylamphetamine • 3,4-DMMC • 4-BMC • 4-Ethylamphetamine • 4-FA • 4-FMA • 4-MA • 4-MMA • 4-MTA • 6-FNE • Alfetamine • α-Ethylphenethylamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Amidephrine • Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • Arbutamine • β-Methylphenethylamine • β-Phenylmethamphetamine • Benfluorex • Benzedrone • Benzphetamine • BDB (J) • BOH (Hydroxy-J) • BPAP • Buphedrone • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) • Butylone • Cathine • Cathinone • Chlorphentermine • Cinnamedrine • Clenbuterol • Clobenzorex • Cloforex • Clortermine • D-Deprenyl • Denopamine • Dimethoxyamphetamine • Dimethylamphetamine • Dimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, Metamfepramone) • Dobutamine • DOPA (Dextrodopa, Levodopa) • Dopamine • Dopexamine • Droxidopa • EBDB (Ethyl-J) • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Epinine (Deoxyepinephrine) • Etafedrine • Ethcathinone (Ethylpropion) • Ethylamphetamine (Etilamfetamine) • Ethylnorepinephrine (Butanefrine) • Ethylone • Etilefrine • Famprofazone • Fenbutrazate • Fencamine • Fenethylline • Fenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine) • Fenmetramide • Fenproporex • Flephedrone • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Gepefrine • HMMA • Hordenine • Ibopamine • IMP • Indanylamphetamine • Iofetamine • Isoetarine • Isoethcathinone • Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol) • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) • Lefetamine • Lisdexamfetamine • Lophophine (Homomyristicylamine) • Manifaxine • MBDB (Methyl-J; "Eden") • MDA (Tenamfetamine) • MDBU • MDEA ("Eve") • MDMA ("Ecstasy", "Adam") • MDMPEA (Homarylamine) • MDOH • MDPR • MDPEA (Homopiperonylamine) • Mefenorex • Mephedrone • Mephentermine • Metanephrine • Metaraminol • Methamphetamine (Desoxyephedrine, Methedrine; Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • Methoxamine • Methoxyphenamine • MMA • Methcathinone (Methylpropion) • Methedrone • Methoxyphenamine • Methylone • MMDA • MMDMA • MMMA • Morazone • N-Benzyl-1-phenethylamine • N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine • Naphthylamphetamine • Nisoxetine • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Norfenefrine • Norfenfluramine • Normetanephrine • Octopamine • Orciprenaline • Ortetamine • Oxilofrine • Paredrine (Norpholedrine, Oxamphetamine, Mycadrine) • PBA • PCA • PHA • Pargyline • Pentorex (Phenpentermine) • Pentylone • Phenatine • Phendimetrazine • Phenmetrazine • Phenpromethamine • Phentermine • Phenylalanine • Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine) • Phenylpropanolamine • Pholedrine • PIA • PMA • PMEA • PMMA • PPAP • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Pseudoephedrine • Radafaxine • Ropinirole • Salbutamol (Albuterol; Levosalbutamol) • Sibutramine • Synephrine (Oxedrine) • Theodrenaline • Tiflorex (Flutiorex) • Tranylcypromine • Tyramine • Tyrosine • Xamoterol • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine
Piperazines

2C-B-BZP • BZP • CM156 • DBL-583 • GBR-12783 • GBR-12935 • GBR-13069 • GBR-13098 • GBR-13119 • MeOPP • MBZP • Vanoxerine
Piperidines

1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine • 1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-(piperidin-2-yl)butane • 2-Benzylpiperidine • 2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine • 3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate • 4-Benzylpiperidine • 4-Methylmethylphenidate • Desoxypipradrol • Difemetorex • Diphenylpyraline • Ethylphenidate • Methylnaphthidate • Methylphenidate (Dexmethylphenidate) • N-Methyl-3β-propyl-4β-(4-chlorophenyl)piperidine • Nocaine • Phacetoperane • Pipradrol • SCH-5472
Pyrrolidines

2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine • α-PPP • α-PBP • α-PVP • Diphenylprolinol • MDPPP • MDPBP • MDPV • MPBP • MPHP • MPPP • MOPPP • Naphyrone • PEP • Prolintane • Pyrovalerone
Tropanes

3-CPMT • 3'-Chloro-3α-(diphenylmethoxy)tropane • 3-Pseudotropyl-4-fluorobenzoate • 4'-Fluorococaine • AHN-1055 • Altropane (IACFT) • Brasofensine • CFT (WIN 35,428) • β-CIT (RTI-55) • Cocaethylene • Cocaine • Dichloropane (RTI-111) • Difluoropine • FE-β-CPPIT • FP-β-CPPIT • Ioflupane (123I) • Norcocaine • PIT • PTT • RTI-31 • RTI-32 • RTI-51 • RTI-105 • RTI-112 • RTI-113 • RTI-117 • RTI-120 • RTI-121 (IPCIT) • RTI-126 • RTI-150 • RTI-154 • RTI-171 • RTI-177 • RTI-183 • RTI-193 • RTI-194 • RTI-199 • RTI-202 • RTI-204 • RTI-229 • RTI-241 • RTI-336 • RTI-354 • RTI-371 • RTI-386 • Salicylmethylecgonine • Tesofensine • Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2) • Tropoxane • WF-23 • WF-33 • WF-60
Others

1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-aminopropane • 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene • 2-Aminoindane • 2-Aminotetralin • 2-MDP • 2-Phenylcyclohexylamine • 2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine • 3-Benzhydrylmorpholine • 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine • 5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole • 5-Iodo-2-aminoindane • AL-1095 • Amfonelic acid • Amineptine • Amiphenazole • Atipamezole • Atomoxetine (Tomoxetine) • Bemegride • Benzydamine • BTQ • BTS 74,398 • Camfetamine • Carphedon • Ciclazindol • Cilobamine • Clofenciclan • Cropropamide • Crotetamide • Cypenamine • D-161 • Diclofensine • Dimethocaine • Efaroxan • Etamivan • EXP-561 • Fencamfamine • Fenpentadiol • Feprosidnine • G-130 • Gamfexine • Gilutensin • GSK1360707F • GYKI-52895 • Hexacyclonate • Hexapradol • Idazoxan • Indanorex • Indatraline • JNJ-7925476 • JZ-IV-10 • Lazabemide • Leptacline • Levopropylhexedrine • Lomevactone • LR-5182 • Mazindol • Meclofenoxate • Medifoxamine • Mefexamide • Mesocarb • Methastyridone • Methiopropamine • N-Methyl-3-phenylnorbornan-2-amine • Nefopam • Nikethamide • Nomifensine • O-2172 • Oxaprotiline • Phthalimidopropiophenone • PNU-99,194 • Propylhexedrine • PRC200-SS • Rasagiline • Rauwolscine • Rubidium chloride • Setazindol • Tametraline • Tandamine • Trazium • UH-232 • Yohimbine
See also
Analgesics (N02A, N02B)
Opioids See also:
Opium & alkaloids thereof
Semi-synthetic opium derivatives
Synthetic opioids
Pyrazolones
Cannabinoids
Anilides
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories See also:
Propionic acid class
Oxicam class
Acetic acid class
COX-2 inhibitors
Anthranilic acid (fenamate) class
Salicylates
Atypical, adjuvant and potentiators, Metabolic agents and miscellaneous

: CNS

(////////////)//

(/////)//, /,

, drug(////////)
Adrenergics
Receptor ligands
α1
α2
β
Reuptake inhibitors
NET
VMAT
Releasing agents
Enzyme inhibitors
Anabolism
PAH
TH
AAAD
DBH
PNMT
  • CGS-19281A
  • SKF-64139
  • SKF-7698
Catabolism
MAO
COMT
Others
Precursors
Cofactors
Others
List of adrenergic drugs
Dopaminergics
Receptor ligands
Agonists
Antagonists
Reuptake inhibitors
Plasmalemmal
DAT inhibitors
Vesicular
VMAT inhibitors
Releasing agents
Allosteric modulators
  • Quinazolinamines: SoRI-9804
  • SoRI-20040
  • SoRI-20041
Enzyme inhibitors
Anabolism
PAH inhibitors
TH inhibitors
AAAD/DDC inhibitors
Catabolism
MAO inhibitors
COMT inhibitors
DBH inhibitors
Others
Precursors
Cofactors
Others
List of dopaminergic drugs
Opioids
Opium and poppy straw derivatives
Crude opiate extracts/ whole opium products
Natural opiates
Opium alkaloids see also:
Alkaloid salts mixtures
Semisynthetics including Bentley compounds
Morphine family
3,6-diesters of morphine
Codeine-dionine family
Morphinones and morphols
Morphides
Dihydrocodeine series
Nitrogen morphine derivatives
Hydrazones
Halogenated morphine derivatives
Active opiate metabolites
Morphinans
Morphinan series
Others
Benzomorphans
4-Phenylpiperidines
Pethidines (Meperidines)
Prodines
Ketobemidones
Others
Open chain opioids
Amidones
Methadols
Moramides
Thiambutenes
Phenalkoxams
Ampromides
Others
Anilidopiperidines
Oripavine derivatives
Phenazepanes
Pirinitramides
Benzimidazoles
Indoles
Diphenylmethylpiperazines
Opioid peptides see also:
Others
Opioid antagonists & inverse agonists
Uncategorized opioids
List of opioids
Phenethylamines
Phenethylamines Psychedelics: 2C-B • 2C-B-FLY • 2C-C • 2C-D • 2C-E • 2C-F • 2C-G • 2C-I • 2C-N • 2C-P • 2C-SE • 2C-T • 2C-T-2 • 2C-T-4 • 2C-T-7 • 2C-T-8 • 2C-T-9 • 2C-T-13 • 2C-T-15 • 2C-T-17 • 2C-T-21 • 2C-TFM • 2C-YN • Allylescaline • DESOXY • Escaline • Isoproscaline • Jimscaline • Macromerine • MEPEA • Mescaline • Metaescaline • Methallylescaline • Proscaline • Psi-2C-T-4 • TCB-2 Stimulants: 2-OH-PEA • β-Me-PEA • Hordenine • N-Me-PEA • Phenethylamine (PEA) Entactogens: Lophophine • MDPEA • MDMPEA Others: BOH • DMPEA
Amphetamines Phenylisopropylamines Psychedelics: 3C-BZ • 3C-E • 3C-P • Aleph • Beatrice • Bromo-DragonFLY • D-Deprenyl • DMA • DMCPA • DMMDA • DOB • DOC • DOEF • DOET • DOI • DOM • DON • DOPR • DOTFM • Ganesha • MMDA • MMDA-2 • Psi-DOM • TMA • TeMA Stimulants: 4-MA • 4-MMA • 4-MTA • 5-IT • Alfetamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • Benfluorex • Benzphetamine • Cathine • Clobenzorex • Dimethylamphetamine • Ephedrine (EPH) • Ethylamphetamine • Fencamfamine • Fencamine • Fenethylline • Fenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine) • Fenproporex • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Gepefrine • Hydroxyamphetamine • Iofetamine • Isopropylamphetamine • Lefetamine • Mefenorex • Metaraminol • Methamphetamine (Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • Methoxyphenamine • MMA • Norfenfluramine • Oxilofrine • Ortetamine • PBA • PCA • Phenpromethamine • PFA • PFMA • PIA • PMA • PMEA • PMMA • Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) • Pholedrine • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Pseudoephedrine (PSE) • Sibutramine • Tiflorex (Flutiorex) • Tranylcypromine • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine Entactogens: 5-APDB • 6-APB • 6-APDB • EDA • IAP • MDA • MDEA • MDHMA (FLEA) • MDMA ("Ecstasy") • MDOH • MMDMA • NAP • TAP Others: Amiflamine • DFMDA • D-Deprenyl • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline)
Phentermines Stimulants: Chlorphentermine • Cloforex • Clortermine • Etolorex • Mephentermine • Pentorex (Phenpentermine) • Phentermine Entactogens: MDPH • MDMPH
Cathinones Stimulants: Amfepramone • Brephedrone • Buphedrone • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) • Cathinone (Propion) • Dimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, Metamfepramone) • Ethcathinone (Ethylpropion) • Flephedrone • Methcathinone (Methylpropion) • Mephedrone • Methedrone Entactogens: Ethylone • Methylone
Phenylisobutylamines Entactogens: 4-CAB • 4-MAB • Ariadne (α-Et-DOM) • BDB (J) • Butylone (bk-MBDB) • EBDB (Ethyl-J) • Eutylone (bk-EBDB) • MBDB (Methyl-J) Stimulants: Phenylisobutylamine
Phenylalkylpyrrolidines Stimulants: α-PBP • α-PPP • α-PVP • MDPBP • MDPPP • MDPV • MOPPP • MPBP • MPHP • MPPP • Naphyrone • PEP • Prolintane • Pyrovalerone
Catecholamines (and close relatives) 6-FNE • 6-OHDA • α-Me-DA • α-Me-TRA • Adrenochrome • Ciladopa • D-DOPA (Dextrodopa) • Dimetofrine • Dopamine • Epinephrine (Adrenaline) • Epinine • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • Fenclonine • Ibopamine • Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol) • Isoetarine • L-DOPA (Levodopa) • L-DOPS (Droxidopa) • L-Phenylalanine • L-Tyrosine • m-Tyramine • Metanephrine • Metaraminol • Metaterol • Metirosine • Methyldopa • Nordefrin (Levonordefrin) • Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • Norfenefrine (m-Octopamine) • Normetanephrine • Orciprenaline • p-Octopamine • p-Tyramine • Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine) • Synephrine (Oxedrine)
Miscellaneous Amidephrine • Arbutamine • Cafedrine • Denopamine • Dobutamine • Dopexamine • Etafedrine • Famprofazone • Methoxamine • Phenoxybenzamine • Prenalterol • Pronethalol • Propranolol • Salbutamol (Albuterol; Levosalbutamol) • Theodrenaline • UWA-101 • Xamoterol

Categories:

 

The above information uses material from Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Some facts may not have been fully verified for accuracy. [Disclaimers]
This page was last archived by our server on Sun Apr 29 17:58:48 2012.
Displaying this page or its contents does not use any Wikimedia Foundation's resources.
The owners of this site proudly support the Wikimedia Foundation.

More Information Results for "Lefetamine"
[Hide]▼
'Lefetamine' Images
'Lefetamine' Definition

English

Lefetamine
from: Wiktionary: lefetamine,
Mon Jan 2 15:28:13 2012
[Hide]▲