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Parathyroiditis Information

Parathyroiditis is a condition involving inflammation of the parathyroid gland.

It can be associated with hyperparathyroidism.[1]

Contents

Classification

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Signs and symptoms

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Causes

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Pathophysiology

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Diagnosis

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Epidemology

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References

  1. ^ Vaizey CJ, Ali M, Gilbert JM (June 1997). "Chronic parathyroiditis associated with primary hyperplastic hyperparathyroidism". J R Soc Med 90 (6): 336–7. PMC 1296314. PMID 9227385. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1296314.
· · Inflammation
Acute
Plasma derived mediators Bradykinin · complement (C3, C5a, MAC) · coagulation (Factor XII, Plasmin, Thrombin)
Cell derived mediators preformed: Lysosome granules · vasoactive amines (Histamine, Serotonin) synthesized on demand: cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1) · eicosanoids (Leukotriene B4, Prostaglandins) · Nitric oxide · Kinins
Chronic Macrophage · Epithelioid cell · Giant cell · Granuloma
Processes Traditional: Rubor · Calor · Tumor · Dolor (pain) · Functio laesa Modern: Acute-phase reaction/Fever · Vasodilation · Increased vascular permeability · Exudate · Leukocyte extravasation · Chemotaxis
Specific types
Nervous CNS (Encephalitis, Myelitis) · Meningitis (Arachnoiditis) · PNS (Neuritis) · eye (Dacryoadenitis, Scleritis, Keratitis, Choroiditis, Retinitis, Chorioretinitis, Blepharitis, Conjunctivitis, Iritis, Uveitis) · ear (Otitis, Labyrinthitis, Mastoiditis)
Cardiovascular Carditis (Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis) · Vasculitis (Arteritis, Phlebitis, Capillaritis)
Respiratory upper (Sinusitis, Rhinitis, Pharyngitis, Laryngitis) · lower (Tracheitis, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonitis, Pleuritis) · Mediastinitis
Digestive mouth (Stomatitis, Gingivitis, Gingivostomatitis, Glossitis, Tonsillitis, Sialadenitis/Parotitis, Cheilitis, Pulpitis, Gnathitis) · tract (Esophagitis, Gastritis, Gastroenteritis, Enteritis, Colitis, Enterocolitis, Duodenitis, Ileitis, Caecitis, Appendicitis, Proctitis) · accessory (Hepatitis, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Pancreatitis) · Peritonitis
Integumentary Dermatitis (Folliculitis) · Cellulitis · Hidradenitis
Musculoskeletal

Arthritis · Dermatomyositis · soft tissue (Myositis, Synovitis/Tenosynovitis, Bursitis, Enthesitis, Fasciitis, Capsulitis, Epicondylitis, Tendinitis, Panniculitis)

Osteochondritis: Osteitis (Spondylitis, Periostitis) · Chondritis
Urinary Nephritis (Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis) · Ureteritis · Cystitis · Urethritis
Reproductive

female: Oophoritis · Salpingitis · Endometritis · Parametritis · Cervicitis · Vaginitis · Vulvitis · Mastitis

male: Orchitis · Epididymitis · Prostatitis · Balanitis · Balanoposthitis

pregnancy/newborn: Chorioamnionitis · Omphalitis
Endocrine Insulitis · Hypophysitis · Thyroiditis · Parathyroiditis · Adrenalitis
Lymphatic Lymphangitis · Lymphadenitis
· · Endocrine pathology: endocrine diseases (E00–E35, 240–259)
Pancreas/ glucose metabolism
Hypofunction Diabetes mellitus types: (type 1, type 2, MODY 1 2 3 4 5 6) · complications (coma, angiopathy, ketoacidosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy) insulin receptor (Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome) · Insulin resistance
Hyperfunction Hypoglycemia · beta cell (Hyperinsulinism) · G cell (Zollinger–Ellison syndrome)
Hypothalamic/ pituitary axes
Hypothalamus gonadotropin (Kallmann syndrome, Adiposogenital dystrophy) · CRH (Tertiary adrenal insufficiency) · vasopressin (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus) · general (Hypothalamic hamartoma)
Pituitary
Hyperpituitarism anterior (Acromegaly, Hyperprolactinaemia, Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion) · posterior (SIADH) · general (Nelson's syndrome)
Hypopituitarism anterior (Kallmann syndrome, Growth hormone deficiency, ACTH deficiency/Secondary adrenal insufficiency) · posterior (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus) · general (Empty sella syndrome, Pituitary apoplexy, Sheehan's syndrome, Lymphocytic hypophysitis)
Thyroid
Hypothyroidism Iodine deficiency · Cretinism (Congenital hypothyroidism) · Myxedema · Euthyroid sick syndrome
Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroxinemia (Thyroid hormone resistance, Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia) · Hashitoxicosis · Thyrotoxicosis factitia · Graves' disease
Thyroiditis Acute infectious · Subacute (De Quervain's, Subacute lymphocytic) · Autoimmune/chronic (Hashimoto's, Postpartum, Riedel's)
Goitre Endemic goitre · Toxic nodular goitre · Toxic multinodular goitre Thyroid nodule
Parathyroid
Hypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism Primary · Secondary · Tertiary · Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Adrenal
Hyperfunction aldosterone: Hyperaldosteronism/Primary aldosteronism (Conn syndrome, Bartter syndrome, Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism) · AME · Liddle's syndrome · 17α CAH cortisol: Cushing's syndrome (Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) sex hormones: 21α CAH · 11β CAH
Hypofunction/ Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's, WF) aldosterone: Hypoaldosteronism (21α CAH, 11β CAH) cortisol: CAH (Lipoid, 3β, 11β, 17α, 21α) sex hormones: 17α CAH
Gonads ovarian: Polycystic ovary syndrome · Premature ovarian failure testicular: enzymatic (5-alpha-reductase deficiency, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency) · Androgen receptor (Androgen insensitivity syndrome) general: Hypogonadism (Delayed puberty) · Hypergonadism (Precocious puberty)
Height Gigantism · Dwarfism/Short stature (Laron syndrome, Psychosocial)
Multiple Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS1, APS2) · Carcinoid syndrome · Multiple endocrine neoplasia (1, 2A, 2B) · Progeria (Werner syndrome, Acrogeria, Metageria) · Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome

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